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Revista de Antropologie Urban\u0103 Nr.15 (2020)<\/strong><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/rev-antropologieurbana.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/coperta-RAU-NR.-15-c.jpg” alt=”Revista de Antropologie Urban\u0103 Nr.7 ” title_text=”coperta RAU NR. 15-c” show_in_lightbox=”on” force_fullwidth=”on” align_tablet=”center” align_phone=”” align_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”4.4.6″ use_border_color=”off”]<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_image][et_pb_button button_url=”https:\/\/rev-antropologieurbana.ro\/produs\/rau-nr-15-2020\/” button_text=”Cump\u0103r\u0103 RAU Nr. 15″ button_alignment=”center” _builder_version=”4.4.6″ button_text_size__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=”off” button_text_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_border_width__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=”off” button_border_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_border_radius__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=”off” button_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=”off” button_bg_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=”off”]<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_button][et_pb_button button_url=”https:\/\/resurse.rev-antropologieurbana.ro\/” url_new_window=”on” button_text=”Cite\u0219te online (access restric\u021bionat)” button_alignment=”center” _builder_version=”4.6.6″ button_text_size__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=”off” button_text_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_border_width__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=”off” button_border_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_border_radius__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=”off” button_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=”off” button_bg_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=”off”]<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_button][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”3_4″ _builder_version=”3.25″ custom_padding=”|||” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_accordion _builder_version=”4.6.6″ use_border_color=”off”][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Revista de Antropolgie Urban\u0103 – Nr.15 (2020) – CUPRINS” open=”on” _builder_version=”4.6.6″]<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”EDITORIAL Grupul de istorie a rasei \u015fi a eugeniei la Universitatea Oxford Brookes – Marius Turda, Tudor Georgescu, Patrick T. Merricks, Ross Brooks” _builder_version=”4.4.6″ open=”off”]<\/p>\n Grupul de lucru specializat \u00een istoria rasei \u0219i a eugeniei (HRE) de la Uni- versitatea Brookes din Oxford este un colectiv de cercetare trans-na\u021bional \u0219i inter-institu\u021bional fondat \u00een 2006 de profesorul Marius Turda. Printre succesele sale amintim prezen\u021ba \u00een r\u00e2ndurile sale a cercet\u0103tori din peste nou\u0103sprezece \u021b\u0103ri, o serie de c\u0103r\u021bi publicate \u00een asociere cu editura Universit\u0103\u021bii Central-Europene, podcastu- ri \u0219i numeroase conferin\u021be la diferite institu\u021bii din \u00eentreaga Europ\u0103, publica\u021bii de- schiz\u0103toare de drum ale domeniului istoriei rasei, a eugeniei \u0219i biopoliticii. \u00cen 2020, HRE a \u00eenfiin\u021bat filiala sa din Rom\u00e2nia \u00een Cluj-Napoca la Institutul de Istorie \u201eG. Bari\u021biu\u201d al Academiei Rom\u00e2ne sub numele de \u201eCentrul de Istorie a Eugeniei \u015fi a Rasismului\u201d.<\/p>\n Sub directoratul profesorului Turda (2006-2011), HRE a \u021binut prima \u00eent\u00e2lnire la Oxford \u00een 2006 intitulat\u0103 Igiena rasial\u0103 \u0219i eugenia \u00een Europa de Sud-Est, 1900- 1940<\/em>. Dup\u0103 acea \u00eent\u00e2lnire, HRE a organizat conferin\u021be la institu\u021bii de prim rang din \u00eentreaga Europ\u0103, de la Budapesta la Berlin, Viena, Riga \u0219i Var\u0219ovia. P\u00e2n\u0103 la data celei de-a unsprezecea \u00eent\u00e2lniri din 2011, care a avut loc la Queen\u2019s College din Oxford, HRE \u00ee\u0219i definise \u0219i mai bine sfera de interes academic prin organizarea conferin\u021bei interna\u021bionale Crearea oamenilor: de la genez\u0103 la eugenie, \u0219i mai departe <\/em>care s-a materializat \u00een publicarea unui volum ap\u0103rut sub acela\u0219i titlu. Abilitatea HRE \u00een a inova \u0219i \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi un domeniu de cerctetare prin transfer de cunoa\u0219tere la nivel interna\u021bional nu este evident\u0103 doar din diversitatea geografic\u0103 a membrilor ci \u0219i din intensitatea \u0219i frecven\u021ba interac\u021biunilor profesionale dintre cercet\u0103tori pe care HRE le promoveaz\u0103 continuu.<\/p>\n Prin urmare, HRE are drept scop construirea unui cadru cuprinz\u0103tor de cercetare care transcende frontierele na\u021bionale \u0219i care poate servi la str\u00e2ngerea colabor\u0103rilor academice \u00eentre \u021b\u0103ri diferite ale Europei, SUA \u0219i America Latin\u0103. \u00cen 2015, de exemplu, profesorul Turda a editat \u0219i publicat un num\u0103r special ale acestei reviste dedicate vie\u021bii urbane \u0219i eugeniei secolului XX acoperind un larg spectru de contexte na\u021bionale. Al doilea director al HRE-ului Dr. Tudor Georgescu a experimentat forme diverse de exprimare media \u0219i a realizat o serie de podcasturi de succes \u00een colaborare cu echipa de istorie a medicinei de la Universitatea Brookes din Oxford. Pe 24 aprilie 2013, Georgescu a organizat \u00eempreun\u0103 cu Phoenix Picture House din Oxford o serie de proiec\u021bii publice intitulat\u0103 Eugenics at the Movies (\u201dEugenia \u00een filme\u201d) care a inclus \u0219i pelicula \u201cE\u0219ti potrivit pentru c\u0103s\u0103torie?\u201d realizat\u0103 \u00een 1927. Un al doilea workshop interna\u021bional despre Maternitate, Familie, Reproducere: Eugenia \u00een Teorie \u0219i Practic\u0103<\/em>, a fost organizat la Balliol College din Oxford \u00een 2014.<\/p>\n O alt\u0103 ambi\u021bie a HRE este aceea de a investi \u00een viitorul pe termen lung al tinerilor cercet\u0103tori care lucreaz\u0103 cu o agend\u0103 transna\u021bional\u0103. Dr. Georgescu \u0219i dr. Patrick T. Merricks, cel din urm\u0103 director HRE \u00eentre anii 2017 \u0219i 2018, au publicat primele lor c\u0103r\u021bi, rezultat al studiilor lor doctorale de la Universitatea Oxford Brookes. De asemenea, \u00een 2018 a fost publicat num\u0103rul special despre religie, evolu\u021bie \u0219i ereditate \u00een revista The Journal of Religious History, Literature and Culture<\/em>, editat de profesorul Turda, care a cuprins articole scrise numai de membrii HRE, inclusiv fo\u0219ti absolven\u021bi \u0219i cei care \u00ee\u0219i continuau studiile post-doctorale. \u00cen 2017, sub directoratul dr. Merricks, HRE a organizat o serie de seminarii la Universitatea Oxford Brookes care a continuat ambi\u021bia grupului de a interac\u021biona profesional cu studen\u021bi \u0219i cu\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 o mai larg\u0103 audien\u021b\u0103. Aceste seminarii au complementat cursurile predate \u00een domeniul \u0219tiin\u021belor umane medicale, oferind discu\u021bii specializate asupra aspectelor din politica interna\u021bional\u0103 din ultima perioad\u0103 (\u0219i anume \u00eentoarcerea populismului de dreapta \u0219i rasismului \u00een politic\u0103). HRE \u0219i-a consolidat astfel pozi\u021bia drept centru interna\u021bional de excelen\u021b\u0103 \u00een istoria eugeniei \u0219i a rasismului.<\/p>\n <\/div> Prin crearea unei re\u021bele de cercet\u0103tori care s\u0103 lucreze \u00een domeniul larg al eugeniei, biopoliticii \u0219i rasei, HRE a contribuit la apari\u021bia \u0219i dezvoltarea unei noi agende interdisciplinare care a \u00eempins mai departe frontierele cercet\u0103rii academice, \u00een timp ce a r\u0103mas conectat la aspectele politice care privesc dezbaterile despre egalitatea de gen \u0219i cea rasial\u0103 \u00een secolul XXI. \u00cen 2018 de exemplu, primul workshop anual al HRE intitulat Popula\u021bia din Perspectiv\u0103 Istoric\u0103 <\/em>a adus \u00eempreun\u0103 cercet\u0103tori din Marea Britanie \u0219i Europa pentru a examina lec\u021biile \u00eenv\u0103\u021bate din istoria mereu\u00a0 \u00een schimbare a rasei \u0219i eugeniei, cu contribu\u021bii despre eugeni\u0219ti britanici care au trecut \u2018cripto-eugenie\u2019 \u00een anii \u201960, controlul na\u0219terilor \u00een Grecia \u0219i darwinismul social \u00een Rom\u00e2nia.<\/p>\n Sper\u0103m c\u0103 succesul HRE-ului de p\u00e2n\u0103 acum va convinge \u0219i alte institu\u021bii de importan\u021ba sprijinului logistic \u0219i financiar pentru evenimentele care urmeaz\u0103. Sub directoratul actual \u00eenceput \u00een 2018 de Ross Brooks, bursier al celebrei Wellcome Trust, domeniul de interes al HRE s-a l\u0103rgit. \u00cen 2019, HRE a organizat al doilea s\u0103u workshop anual intitulat Ce are sexul de a face cu el\/ea? Gen, Sexualitate \u0219i Eugenie <\/em>care a discutat \u201cunde ne afl\u0103m\u201d ca domeniu \u00een abordarea temelor sexuale \u0219i de gen \u0219i a identificat noi direc\u021bii de cercetare, incluz\u00e2nd, \u00eens\u0103 merg\u00e2nd dincolo de, ideea de potrivire reproductiv\u0103 ca vector principal \u00een studiul eugeniei \u0219i al sexului.<\/p>\n \u00cendrept\u00e2ndu-\u0219i aten\u021bia \u00eentr-o alt\u0103 direc\u021bie, HRE s-a angajat \u00een dezbateri privind ideea de ras\u0103 \u00een istorie care, cit\u00e2nd cuvintele lui Turda, \u201cdin p\u0103cate \u00eenc\u0103 face istoria.\u201d Acest fapt a fost evident \u00een munca transdisciplinar\u0103 pe care am \u00eentreprins-o \u00eempreun\u0103\u00a0 cu Grupul de Ac\u021biune al Minorit\u0103\u021bilor de Culoare (BAME Action Group) de la Universitatea Oxford Brookes, \u00een organizare de evenimente care au inclus lansarea volumului Historicizing Race <\/em>de Marius Turda \u0219i Maria Sophie Quine, ap\u0103rut la Londra \u00een 2018 \u0219i \u00een traducere rom\u00e2neasc\u0103 la Ia\u0219i \u00een 2019, care a produs discu\u021bii aprinse \u00een r\u00e2ndul participan\u021bilor (acum disponibil\u0103 pentru a fi reascultat\u0103 sub form\u0103 de podcast). \u00cen timp ce HRE a devenit o institu\u021bie interna\u021bional\u0103 real\u0103, ea r\u0103m\u00e2ne pe deplin o sus\u021bin\u0103toare a cercet\u0103rilor contextelor na\u021bionale specifice a\u0219a cum a demonstrat \u00een seria recent\u0103 de seminare despre istoria eugeniei \u0219i a rasei unde vorbitorii au prezentat lucr\u0103ri despre s\u0103n\u0103tatatea reproducerii \u00een Italia, rasismul \u0219tiin\u021bific \u0219i s\u0103n\u0103tatea mintal\u0103 \u00een Marea Britanie, pentru a aminti c\u00e2teva dintre subiecte.<\/p>\n Studiul eugeniei, biopoliticii \u0219i rasei trece \u00een prezent printr-o transformare remarcabil\u0103, una definit\u0103 de nevoia societ\u0103\u021bii de a avansa \u0219tiin\u021bific \u0219i de a clarifica dilemele etice ap\u0103rute \u00een ultimele decenii, pe de-o parte, \u0219i de investigare a cazurilor neglijate p\u00e2n\u0103 azi, pe de alta. Merg\u00e2nd \u00een acest sens, articolele incluse \u00een acest num\u0103r tematic ilustreaz\u0103 cercetarea inovativ\u0103 a noii genera\u021bii de cercet\u0103tori implica\u021bi \u00een HRE. Pe scurt, includerea \u0219i juxtapunerea istoriilor eugenice na\u021bionale \u0219i interna\u021bionale \u00een centrul colabor\u0103rii interna\u021bionale tinde nu numai s\u0103 produc\u0103 o cercetare original\u0103 despre cazuri na\u021bionale neglijate p\u00e2n\u0103 acum ci \u0219i s\u0103 redefineasc\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 diversifice dezbaterea istoriografic\u0103.<\/p>\n <\/div><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Authorities of Erudition: Reshaping the Categories of Race and Gender in Romania, 1850-1900 – Cosmin Koszor-Codrea” _builder_version=”4.4.6″ open=”off”]<\/p>\n Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n The present paper explores the relationship between the practice of science popularization and the diffusion of racial classification theories in Romania between 1850 and 1900. Therefore, the study traces how official naturalists and intellectuals were involved in promoting race and gender categories, which were delivered in popular versions at the cultural platform of the Romanian Athenaeum of Bucharest. In contrast with the authority of recognized members of the high-class society, the paper also turns to the lesser-known counter-public, identified as the anarchist popularisers of science, which frequently challenged the legitimacy of the official public discourse.<\/p>\n Cosmin Koszor-Codrea – <\/em><\/strong>PhD candidate, Oxford Brookes University UK<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Keywords: <\/strong>Science popularization, history of science, Romania, scientific racism, race, gender, anarchism<\/em><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Estimating a \u201cDoctrinal Unity\u201d: Military Biotypology and Physical Education in Brazil, 1919-1939 – Tiago J. Maranh\u00e3o” _builder_version=”4.4.6″ open=”off”]<\/p>\n Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n This article examines what motivated biotypological studies of the militarized body and measures taken in early twentieth-century Brazil. This analysis also focusses on the actions adopted by Brazilian military institutions concerned with their personnel\u2019s bodies. This article finally illustrates the contexts that led biotypology to a closer approximation\u00a0 of physical culture, becoming a crucial aspect of the reorganization and revitalization of Brazilian military institutions during the first decades of the country\u2019s republic.<\/p>\n Tiago J. Maranh\u00e3o – <\/em><\/strong>PhD Candidate, Vanderbilt University USA<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Keywords: <\/strong>Biotypology, Military, Eugenics, Physical Education, Brazil<\/em><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”The Rejection of Racial Eugenics in the Netherlands, 1900-1945 – Sietske Boeles” _builder_version=”4.4.6″ open=”off”]<\/p>\n Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n In the 1930s, Dutch intellectuals ignited a heated debate to denounce Nazi ideas and policies, and leading academics in the field of race theories and biology were often motivated by their Christian principles to participate in this public debate. Nazi race and eugenic ideas were rejected as being reductionist, materialist and uni-dimensional. Instead, academics advocated a Christian scientific methodology which would allow for a deeper understanding of \u2018nature\u2019s hidden harmony\u2019. Such faith based methodology was inspired by neo-Calvinist thought which dominated Dutch society, including academia, from the late 19th century until the 1950s. Dutch race experts also contested the German scientists claim that heritable, racial factors determined personality and physiology. This article examines the theoretical and religious arguments used by distinguished race experts, such as Professor Barge from Leiden University, to reject the German concept of race and the general rejection of eugenic and racial policies in pre-war Netherlands<\/p>\n Sietske Boeles – <\/em><\/strong>MA Candidate, Oxford Brookes University UK<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Keywords: <\/strong>Race; Eugenics; interwar period; the Netherlands; neo-Calvinism<\/em><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”\u2018Problem Families\u2019 and Eugenic Modernism in Britain – Patrick T. Merricks” _builder_version=”4.4.6″ open=”off”]<\/p>\n Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n Since its introduction in 1943, the term \u2018problem families\u2019 has been used to classify a relatively small, \u2018subnormal\u2019 sector of society assumed to cause problems disproportionate to its size. The first major organization to launch a national study on such families were the British Eugenics Society, forming the Problem Families Committee (1947-1952) in an attempt to address the decades-long issue of hereditary disease in Britain\u2019s poorest and most disruptive families and in turn prove themselves as the leading authority on reproductive health in the new welfare state. Framing eugenic ideology as a form of ideological modernism, this study explores the porous border that loosely segregated \u2018nature\u2019 and \u2018nurture\u2019 interpretations of human society after the Second World War. This article hopes, then, to demonstrate that despite the Nazi experience, which greatly marginalized eugenics in Britain, \u2018eugenic modernism\u2019 persisted long into the post-war period, as its key ideologues attempted to move away from elitist biological determinism and negative eugenics, which, in turn, helps explain the manner in which \u2018troubled families\u2019 are discussed today.<\/p>\n Patrick T. Merricks – <\/em><\/strong>PhD, Oxford Brookes University UK<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Keywords: <\/strong>Eugenics; problem families; biological determinism; nature\/nurture; Britain<\/em><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Theories of Mental Degeneration in British Eugenics, 1900-1950 Aisling Shalvey” _builder_version=”4.4.6″ open=”off”]<\/p>\n Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n This article addresses the divergent views of conservative mainline eugenics and progressive reform eugenics in Britain in relation to so called mental degeneration in the twentieth century. Sterilisation, segregation, and physical indications of mental capacity are discussed in relation to theorists\u2019 contemporary understanding. The debate concerning the provision of education to those considered to be mentally deficient and their degree of \u2018educability\u2019 is brought into focus. The reliability of intelligence testing and suggestions for more accurate examination of mental ability is further explained through the theories of A.F. Tredgold among other British eugenicists. Environmental influences in mental development are also addressed in relation to both housing and education, and contrasted with ideas of heritability of mental ability. These eugenicists\u2019 concerns culminated in the Brock Report of 1934, where sterilisation was proposed to reduce mental deficiency through limiting the procreation of the feebleminded. The link between contemporary theories of intrinsic and extrinsic mental deficiency and how this was inherited are examined in this article.<\/p>\n Aisling Shalvey – <\/em><\/strong>PhD Candidate, Universit\u00e9 de Strasbourg France<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Key Words: <\/strong>Eugenics, Mental degeneration, Britain, Sterilisation, Amentia, Heredity<\/em><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Eugenics and the Biopolitics of Reproduction in post-war Greece – Alexandra Barmpouti” _builder_version=”4.4.6″ open=”off”]<\/p>\n Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n The scope of this article is a multi-dimensional analysis of the issue of reproduction in post-war Greece. Reproduction not only concerned the couple forming a family but also the state authorities who based their bio-political plans on them because the individual choice ultimately shapes the country\u2019s demography. In parallel, eugenics\u2019 main preoccupation was the control of reproduction. We thus discuss the Greek and foreign eugenicists\u2019 involvement in the matters of family planning, abortion and contraception during a period when the legislation was strictly against every method of birth limitation. The article portrays the viewpoint of women, the state and eugenicists during the post-war period based on relevant literature and archival research.<\/p>\n Alexandra Barmpouti – <\/em><\/strong>PhD, Oxford Brookes University UK<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Keywords: <\/strong>Biopolitics; Reproduction; Eugenics; Greece; Health<\/em><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Eugenics, Homosexuality, and the Development of \u201cQueer Science\u201d in Postwar Britain Ross Brooks ” _builder_version=”4.4.6″ open=”off”]<\/p>\n Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n Whilst the continuity of eugenics and the concomitant development of genetic psychiatry in post-1945 Britain are subjects of increasing interest to historians, the importance afforded to homosexuality, and queer bodies and sexualities more generally, in this context has not previously been considered. The specific issue of \u201chomosexuality\u201d had emerged as a leading concern of Nazi eugenicists and their interlocutors through the interwar period largely through the pursuit of twin studies, a highly problematic method of determining genetic traits initially developed by the \u201cfather\u201d of eugenics, Francis Galton, in the 1870s. In the United States, the German \u00e9migr\u00e9 geneticist Franz Josef Kallmann conducted influential studies on homosexual twins through the immediate postwar period, his interest in the subject impacting on British psychiatry in various ways. Not least, Kallmann\u2019s studies on homosexuality, profoundly influenced by his eugenic agenda, influenced the prominent English psychiatrist Eliot Slater, himself associated with Nazi psychiatrists. Slater firmly established homosexuality as an object of study within British neuropsychiatry, widening the formative focus on twin studies to include personality testing and studies of maternal age, sibs, and birth order. Slater\u2019s unquestioning assumption that homosexuality was, per se, a pathological condition was not accepted by all his contemporaries but nonetheless shaped the development of \u201cqueer\u00a0 science\u201d as it was subsequently pursued in Britain\u00a0\u00a0 and elsewhere.<\/p>\n Ross Brooks (he\/him) – <\/em><\/strong>PhD Candidate, Oxford Brookes University UK<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Key words: <\/strong>Franz <\/em>Josef <\/em>Kallmann, <\/em>Eliot <\/em>Slater, <\/em>Britain, <\/em>Eugenics, <\/em>Homosexuality, <\/em>Twin <\/em>Studies<\/em><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Hidden Lives: The Physical Exclusion of \u2018Backward\u2019 Children in Britain – Rubahanna Choudhury” _builder_version=”4.4.6″ open=”off”]<\/p>\n Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n The idea of physically and socially isolating those who do not confirm to society\u2019s standard of \u2018normal\u2019 is a prevalent concept which has historically permeated discussions of the treatment of said individuals. Despite this, the history of segregating those with physical and mental disabilities is a complex and often convoluted narrative. This article will attempt to chart the progression of this ever changing narrative, with a particular focus on the impact of eugenics on the permanent segregation of those deemed to be challenging the societal \u2018norms\u2019 in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The notion of eugenics, in addition to industrialisation, fundamentally altered how society perceived its vulnerable members. No longer were those with learning, physical and mental disabilities viewed as an ethnological curiosity or a harmless component. Instead, the influence of eugenics ensured that these individuals were vilified and believed to be polluting the health of the nation. Subsequently, widespread institutionalisation for the aforementioned individuals was introduced in Britain in the late nineteenth century. Whilst eugenics arguably lost popularity in the early to mid-twentieth century in Britain, the idea of permanently segregating those with disabilities did not. Many families in Britain were presented with little other choice than to institutionalise their \u2018backward\u2019 child. However, by the 1950s and 1960s the merits and difficulties of physically excluding \u2018backward\u2019 children were subjected to much more scrutiny. Many parents began to feel that large impersonal institutions created far more problems than they solved. Societal opinions began to shift away from institutions towards greater provisions to enable care at home and improved educational facilities.<\/p>\n Rubahanna Choudhury – <\/em><\/strong>PhD, Oxford Brookes University UK<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Keywords: <\/strong>Segregation, institution, mentally deficient, Britain, exclusion, disability, eugenics, learning difficulties<\/em><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”In the Shadow of Eugenics: Intellectual Disability and the Reframing of Sterilisation Policy in 1980s California – Mark Galt” _builder_version=”4.4.6″ open=”off”]<\/p>\n Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n In the early-twentieth century, California ran the most prolific involuntary sterilisation program in the United States. Historians have viewed the 1979 repeal of the Asexualization Act, the legislation that underpinned this program, as a terminal point in studies of the state\u2019s history of involuntary sterilisation. However, upon closer examination, the repeal served as a flashpoint that reignited discussion around disability, parenthood and reproductive rights in California\u2019s courts and legislatures. For with this repeal, parents who had traditionally relied on the Aseuxalization Act to have their disabled dependents sterilized, now had to bring petitions before the court. One such petition, that of Valerie Nieto, reached the state\u2019s highest court, and prompted a radical revision of the state\u2019s stance towards the sterilisation of people with disabilities. Using Valerie\u2019s case as a central narrative, this article explores and contextualizes the revision of sterilisation policy in California in the 1980s, reframing disability as a central concern in such studies, and highlights the legacies of this turbulent period in Californian history.<\/p>\n Mark Galt – <\/em><\/strong>PhD, Oxford Brookes University UK<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Key Words: <\/strong>Sterilisation; Disability; USA, California; Substitute Consent; 1980s<\/em><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][\/et_pb_accordion][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row use_custom_gutter=”on” padding_mobile=”off” column_padding_mobile=”on” module_class=” et_pb_row_fullwidth” _builder_version=”3.25″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” width=”89%” width_tablet=”80%” width_phone=”” width_last_edited=”on|desktop” max_width=”89%” max_width_tablet=”80%” max_width_phone=”” max_width_last_edited=”on|desktop” make_fullwidth=”on”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”3.25″ custom_padding=”|||” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_divider color=”#0c71c3″ disabled_on=”on|on|off” _builder_version=”3.23.4″ height=”25px” hide_on_mobile=”on”]<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_4,3_4″ use_custom_gutter=”on” padding_mobile=”off” column_padding_mobile=”on” module_class=” et_pb_row_fullwidth” _builder_version=”3.25″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” width=”89%” width_tablet=”80%” width_phone=”” width_last_edited=”on|desktop” max_width=”89%” max_width_tablet=”80%” max_width_phone=”” max_width_last_edited=”on|desktop” make_fullwidth=”on”][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ _builder_version=”3.25″ custom_padding=”|||” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.4.6″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” use_border_color=”off”]<\/p>\n Revista de Antropologie Urban\u0103 Nr.14 (2019)<\/strong><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/rev-antropologieurbana.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/coperta-RAU-NR.-14-sus-crop.jpg” alt=”Revista de Antropologie Urban\u0103 Nr.7 ” title_text=”coperta RAU NR. 14 sus-crop” show_in_lightbox=”on” force_fullwidth=”on” align_tablet=”center” align_phone=”” align_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”4.4.6″ use_border_color=”off”]<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_image][et_pb_button button_url=”https:\/\/rev-antropologieurbana.ro\/produs\/rau-nr-14-2020\/” button_text=”Cump\u0103r\u0103 RAU Nr. 14″ button_alignment=”center” _builder_version=”4.4.6″ button_text_size__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=”off” button_text_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_border_width__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=”off” button_border_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_border_radius__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=”off” button_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=”off” button_bg_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=”off”]<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_button][et_pb_button button_url=”https:\/\/resurse.rev-antropologieurbana.ro\/” url_new_window=”on” button_text=”Cite\u0219te online (access restric\u021bionat)” button_alignment=”center” _builder_version=”4.6.6″ button_text_size__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_text_size__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_text_size__hover_enabled=”off” button_text_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_text_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_text_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_border_width__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_border_width__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_border_width__hover_enabled=”off” button_border_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_border_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_border_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_border_radius__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_border_radius__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_border_radius__hover_enabled=”off” button_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_letter_spacing__hover_enabled=”off” button_bg_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_one_bg_color__hover_enabled=”off” button_two_bg_color__hover_enabled=”off”]<\/p>\n [\/et_pb_button][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”3_4″ _builder_version=”3.25″ custom_padding=”|||” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_accordion _builder_version=”4.4.6″ use_border_color=”off”][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Revista de Antropolgie Urban\u0103 – Nr.14 (2019) – CUPRINS” open=”on” _builder_version=”4.4.6″]<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n Shrinking cities \u2013 Fenomen particular de dinamic\u0103 urban\u0103; Despre identitatea locului \u2013\u00a0Beldiman Alexandra Georgeta\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Urban, Inc. Mobilitate \u015fi Transform\u0103ri Antropologice – Adrian Majuru” _builder_version=”4.4.6″ open=”off”]<\/p>\n Dup\u0103 ie\u0219irea din regimul comunist, Rom\u00e2nia, asemenea celorlalte \u021b\u0103ri din lag\u0103rul socialist, a pornit pe drumul reoccidentaliz\u0103rii, al recuper\u0103rii decalajelor multiple care o separau de Europa de Vest.\u00a0 Reconectarea la modelul capitalist\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 al economiei de pia\u021b\u0103 \u0219i la cel politic al democra\u021biei liberale, la care s-a ad\u0103ugat integrarea european\u0103, a adus transform\u0103ri la nivel antropologic de care depind noi coduri comportamentale, noi forme culturale, \u0219i a creat o nou\u0103 identitate a citadinului. Transportul sau mobilitatea urban\u0103 este una dintre temele majore care au ap\u0103rut \u00een discursul public rom\u00e2nesc de dup\u0103 1989 \u0219i care r\u0103m\u00e2ne, la 30 de ani de atunci, una dintre priorit\u0103\u021bile importante ale a\u0219a-numitului \u201dproiect de \u021bar\u0103\u201d. El a fost asimilat dezvolt\u0103rii economice (circula\u021bia for\u021bei de munc\u0103, a capitalului \u0219i bunurilor) \u0219i turismului \u0219i petrecerii timpului liber, pe scurt, redimension\u0103rii universului urban la noile repere economice, societale, \u0219i apartenen\u021bei la o hart\u0103 global\u0103 \u00een mi\u0219care.<\/p>\n Cum deceniile de dup\u0103 1989 au \u00eensemnat revenirea politicului \u00een for\u021b\u0103 \u00een societatea rom\u00e2neasc\u0103, de la deciden\u021bii politici se a\u0219teapt\u0103 strategii care s\u0103 genereze dezvoltare \u0219i prosperitate economic\u0103. Cre\u0219terea ponderii transportului individual urban \u00een compara\u021bie cu cel public din deceniile anterioare, invers\u00a0 propor\u021bional\u0103\u00a0 cu starea c\u0103ilor de comunica\u021bie, a f\u0103cut ca traficul s\u0103 apar\u0103 drept tem\u0103 principal\u0103 \u00een articularea opiniilor \u0219i programelor politice mai ales. Astfel, o prim\u0103 modificare important\u0103 \u00een percep\u021bia public\u0103 este dependen\u021ba mobilit\u0103\u021bii urbane de coeren\u021ba factorului politic \u0219i a intereselor acestuia. Reducerea politiz\u0103rii devine, \u00een acest sens, un obiectiv care ar trebui asumat de to\u021bi actorii politici \u00een conformitate cu beneficiile pe care le-ar aduce dezvoltarea economic\u0103.<\/p>\n O a doua modificare important\u0103 a percep\u021biei locuitorilor ora\u0219elor \u00een leg\u0103tur\u0103 cu mobilitatea urban\u0103 este resemantizarea statutului socio-economic. Cre\u0219terea num\u0103rului de autoturisme \u0219i \u00een special cre\u0219terea calit\u0103\u021bii lor este considerat un semn al nivelului de trai din ce \u00een ce mai ridicat. Apari\u021bia din ce \u00een ce mai numeroas\u0103 a mijloacelor de transport personale, considerate de mul\u021bi mijloacele de transport hegemonice, conduce la o revizuire a locului pe care \u00eel ocup\u0103 mijloacele personale de transport alternative ca motocicletele, scutere, mopede, biciclete, trotinete, role, skateboarduri etc. \u0219i a locului pe care \u00eel are transportul public.<\/p>\n Prezentul dosar tematic dedicat mobilit\u0103\u021bii urbane \u00ee\u0219i propune s\u0103 observe, s\u0103 analizeze \u0219i s\u0103 conchid\u0103 asupra transform\u0103rilor care au loc asupra cet\u0103\u021benilor ora\u0219ului, care \u00eei influen\u021beaz\u0103 valorile \u00een func\u021bie de timpul, confortul, ritmul unei zile petrecut \u00eentr-un mijloc de deplasare. Cum marea problem\u0103 a cotidianului \u00eentr- un ora\u0219 mare este aglomera\u021bia cu tot ceea ce implic\u0103 ea, mobilitatea \u00een urm\u0103rirea agendei personale zilnice devine esen\u021bial\u0103. \u00cen principal, simpozionul \u00ee\u0219i propune\u00a0 s\u0103 formuleze concluzii pentru un transport urban \u00eencorporat \u00een care at\u00e2t toate mijloacele de transport tradi\u021bional, c\u00e2t \u0219i cele alternative sau cu pondere important\u0103 \u00een viitor s\u0103 fie complementare.<\/p>\n <\/div> Sunt oferite studii de caz privind reu\u0219itele unor mari metropole din Europa \u0219i America de Nord. \u0218erban Nicoleta, \u00een articolul: Urm\u0103torul nivel de mobilitate. De ce cerul nu mai este limita? descrie proiectul Portland Aerial Tram, care a rezolvat o mare problem\u0103 de acces c\u0103tre spitalul ora\u0219ului Portland, prin traversarea unui spa\u021biu muntos \u0219i accidentat. Ioana Eveline R\u0103du\u021b\u0103 ofer\u0103 trei studii de caz, a unor ora\u0219e europene, privind sustenabilitatea prin valorificarea circumstan\u021belor geografice, devenite atuuri urbanistice \u0219i de mobilitate urban\u0103. Frankfurt dezvolt\u0103 corelarea dintre spa\u021biile verzi \u0219i zonele naturale pe segmentul de sustenabilitate: ap\u0103-eficien\u021b\u0103 energetic\u0103 \u0219i protec\u021bia climei. Mai la nord, Copenhaga, cel dint\u00e2i ora\u0219 cu includerea bicicletelor \u00een mobilitatea ora\u0219ului(37% din popula\u021bie) reprezint\u0103 modelul ecologic cu spa\u021bii verzi anvelopante \u0219i desigur, mobilitate prietenoas\u0103 privind folosirea timpului parcurs \u00een trafic. Al treilea exemplu este ora\u0219ul Rotterdam, cu cea mai mare sustenabilitate a apei din lume prin valorizare de parcuri \u0219i trasee naturale incluse \u00een mobilitatea urban\u0103.(Ioana Evelin R\u0103du\u021b\u0103, De ce a\u0219 alege un ora\u0219 sustenabil \u00een locul celui \u00een care tr\u0103iesc? De ce m\u0103 intereseaz\u0103 viitorul ora\u0219ului?).<\/p>\n Ora\u0219ul Bucure\u0219ti este discutat de Lavinia Sorina Constantin (Un segment din zona central\u0103: Blv.Regina Elisabeta-Calea Victoriei \u2013 Blv.Ion C. Br\u0103tianu). Articolul relev\u0103 cum evolu\u021bia aglomera\u021biei este modificat\u0103 \u00een tipologia ei de func\u021bionarea unor microspa\u021bii din interiorul unui cerc urban(teatre, universit\u0103\u021bi, hoteluri etc) \u0219i traficul pe care \u00eel presupune aceast\u0103 fragmentare a serviciilor. Un alt articol dedicat Bucure\u0219tiului este semnat de Dragomir Daniel \u0219i este dedicat zonei de nord a ora\u0219ului, \u0219i anume cartierul Pipera(Zona Pipera-timpul pierdut \u00een trafic \u0219i adaptarea la noile realit\u0103\u021bi urbane). Inexisten\u021ba mobilit\u0103\u021bii urbane eficiente \u00een acest pol economic al ora\u0219ului \u00eenseamn\u0103 timp pierdut \u00een trafic, un timp care nu fost vreodat\u0103 cuantificat de vreun studiu de planificare urban\u0103. Astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t fenomenul aglomera\u021biei \u00een ora\u0219 devine un dezavantaj pentru corpora\u021bii, cu sute de angaja\u021bi, pe c\u00e2nd al\u021bi angajatori \u00eel transform\u0103 \u00een atu, cum ar fi lan\u021burile de magazine de larg\u0103 aprovizionare, care pot angaja munca adesea necalificat\u0103 din cartierele unde func\u021bioneaz\u0103. Costurile locuirii \u00een suburbii de\u0219i sunt mai reduse, ele cresc prin lipsa investi\u021biilor \u00een mobilitate urban\u0103. Costul transportului spre servici sau \u0219coala copiilor, al\u0103turi de timpul pierdut \u00een trafic, devin factori de presiune \u00een dialogurile pentru angajare. Facilit\u0103\u021bile privind accesul facil la birou devine mai important dec\u00e2t negocierea salariului. Mai departe, Elena Niculae descrie relevan\u021ba accesibilit\u0103\u021bii totale a tuturor resurselor \u0219i informa\u021biilor \u00een dezvoltarea mobilit\u0103\u021bii urbane. (Accesibilitatea, componenta insuficient \u00een\u021beleas\u0103 a dezvolt\u0103rii durabile). Cum viitorul va fi tot mai \u201eurbanizat\u201d, Daniel Enache, \u00een articolul Agenda Urban\u0103 \u0219i politica european\u0103 de coeziune, descrie peisajul unei prognoze enun\u021bate privind rolul ora\u0219elor \u00een politica de dezvoltare, poten\u021bial care va cre\u0219te p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2050, de la 70% c\u00e2t este acum, p\u00e2n\u0103 la 80%, la nivel mondial.<\/p>\n <\/div><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Urm\u0103torul nivel de mobilitate: de ce cerul nu mai este limita \u2013 Portland Aerial Tram – Sab\u0103u Iulia Nicoleta” _builder_version=”4.4.6″ open=”off”]<\/p>\n Rezumat<\/strong><\/p>\n Tramvaiul Portland OHSU este un tramvai aerian din Portland, Oregon, care transport\u0103 naveti\u0219ti \u00eentre cartierul South Waterfront al ora\u0219ului \u0219i campusul principal al Oregonului pentru s\u0103n\u0103tate \u0219i \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 (OHSU), situat \u00een cartierul Marquam Hill. Este unul dintre cele dou\u0103 tramvaie de transport aerian din Statele Unite, cel\u0103lalt fiind Tramvaiul Roosevelt Island din New York. Tramvaiul parcurge pe o distan\u021b\u0103 orizontal\u0103 de 1.000 m \u0219i o distan\u021b\u0103 vertical\u0103 de 152 m \u00eentr-o c\u0103l\u0103torie care dureaz\u0103 trei minute. Tramvaiul a fost finan\u021bat \u00een comun de OHSU, ora\u0219ul Portland \u0219i de proprietarii de terenuri din South Waterfront, dar majoritatea finan\u021b\u0103rii provine de la OHSU, drept pentru care de\u021bin \u0219i administreaz\u0103 aceast\u0103 linie.<\/p>\n Sab\u0103u Iulia Nicoleta – Universitatea de arhitectur\u0103 \u0219i urbanism \u201eION MINCU\u201d Bucure\u0219ti<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Cuvinte cheie<\/strong>: tramvai aerian portland, impact vizual, impact arhitectural, convectivitate, gondola, unitate transport, planificare urban\u0103, campus universitar.<\/em><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Un segment din zona central\u0103 \u2013 Bd. Regina Elisabeta \u2013 Calea Victoriei \u2013 Str. Ion C\u00e2mpineanu – Lavinia Sorina Constantin” _builder_version=”4.4.6″ open=”off”]<\/p>\n Rezumat<\/strong><\/p>\n Conceptul de spa\u021biu, a\u0219a cum este \u00een\u021beles din punct de vedere teoretic (fie \u00een plan filozofic, \u0219tiin\u021bific sau social) este diferit de modul cum acesta este experimentat, \u0219i anume, de valorile ata\u0219ate acestuia, de existen\u021ba noastr\u0103 personal\u0103 \u0219i social\u0103. Modul \u00een care oamenii fac fa\u021b\u0103 realit\u0103\u021bilor (caracteristicilor) spa\u021bio-temporale ale zonei \u00een care locuiesc, depinde de specificul cultural al locului (lor), eviden\u021biat prin limb\u0103, tehnologie, ideologie.<\/p>\n Astfel un acela\u0219i spa\u021biu fizic, fie ora\u0219 sau teritoriu, este de regul\u0103 structurat prin tehnici diferite \u0219i urm\u0103re\u0219te aspecte diferite ale modului de via\u021b\u0103, \u00een func\u021bie de variabila cultural\u0103 a grupurilor de oameni ce locuiesc\/transform\u0103 acel spa\u021biu.<\/p>\n Lavinia Sorina Constantin – Universitatea de arhitectur\u0103 \u0219i urbanism \u201eION MINCU\u201d Bucure\u0219ti<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Cuvinte cheie<\/strong>: concept de spa\u021biu public urban, proces urban, epistemologic, dimensiunea spa\u0163ial\u0103, dimensiunea economic\u0103, dimensiunea temporal\u0103.<\/em><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Agenda urban\u0103 \u015fi Politica European\u0103 de Coeziune – Daniel Enache” _builder_version=”4.4.6″ open=”off”]<\/p>\n Rezumat<\/strong><\/p>\n O parte semnificativ\u0103 a popula\u0163iei europene locuie\u015fte \u00een ora\u015fe sau \u00een zone urbane. Acestea prezint\u0103 probleme \u015fi nevoi de dezvoltare specifice: ele trebuie s\u0103 gestioneze expansiunea teritorial\u0103, cre\u015fterea rapid\u0103 sau, dimpotriv\u0103, se confrunt\u0103 cu contrac\u0163ia urban\u0103; trebuie s\u0103 echilibreze inechit\u0103\u0163i economice \u015fi sociale; trebuie s\u0103 g\u0103seasc\u0103 un r\u0103spuns adecvat la probleme de mediu etc. \u00cen acela\u015fi timp, ora\u015fele sunt o surs\u0103 de cre\u015ftere economic\u0103, locuri de munc\u0103, inova\u0163ie. Chiar dac\u0103 dreptul de decizie cu privire la politicile urbane este un atribut na\u0163ional sau regional, ora\u015ful are un loc bine determinat \u00een politicile europene. Politicile europene abordeaz\u0103 agenda urban\u0103 \u00een dou\u0103 moduri. Pe de o parte, exist\u0103 o serie de documente programatice la nivel interguvernamental, care ne permit o schi\u0163\u0103 a evolu\u0163iei politicilor europene cu privire la agenda urban\u0103 \u00een ultimele decade. Pe\u00a0 de alt\u0103 parte, exist\u0103 o important\u0103 dimensiune urban\u0103 \u00een Politica de Coeziune. Politica de Coeziune pentru perioada de programare 2014-2020 acord\u0103 un rol mai important ora\u015felor dec\u00e2t perioada de programare anterioar\u0103.<\/p>\n Daniel Enache – Universitatea de arhitectur\u0103 \u0219i urbanism \u201eION MINCU\u201d\u00a0<\/p>\n Cuvinte cheie: <\/strong>expansiune urban\u0103, politici europene, agenda urban\u0103, politica de coeziune, dezvoltare urban\u0103 sustenabil\u0103.<\/em><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Accesibilitatea, componen\u0163a insuficient \u00een\u0163eleas\u0103 a dezvolt\u0103rii durabile – Elena Niculache” _builder_version=”4.4.6″ open=”off”]<\/p>\n Rezumat<\/strong><\/p>\n Procesele de dezvoltare sustenabil\u0103, presupun o bun\u0103 accesibilitate social\u0103 pentru toate categoriile sociale. Concluzia acestei lucr\u0103ri este c\u0103 accesibilitate nu \u021bine \u00een totalitate de domeniul fizico-spa\u021bial, ea reg\u0103sindu-se \u00eentr-o diversitate larg\u0103 de domenii cu care se interconecteaz\u0103 asigur\u00e2nd o func\u021bionare corespunz\u0103toare unei dezvolt\u0103ri durabile.<\/p>\n Elena Niculache – Universitatea de Arhitectur\u0103 \u0219i Urbanism \u201eION MINCU\u201d<\/p>\n Cuvinte cheie: <\/strong>accesibilitate urban\u0103, accesbilitate social\u0103, accesibilitate monetar\u0103, dezvoltare durabil\u0103, sistem urban, mi\u0219care \u00een teritoriu, dezvoltare sustenabil\u0103.<\/em><\/p>\n <\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”De ce a\u015f alege un ora\u015f sustenabil \u00een locul celui \u00een care tr\u0103iesc? – Ioana Eveline R\u0103du\u021b\u0103” _builder_version=”4.4.6″ open=”off”]<\/p>\n Rezumat<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00cen acest articol demonstrez importan\u021ba aspectelor socio-cultare, precum \u0219i condi\u021bile de via\u021b\u0103 care afecteaz\u0103 \u00een mod direct dezvoltarea urban\u0103.\u00a0 Scopul\u00a0 dezvolt\u0103rii\u00a0 durabile este acela de a crea medii cu o calitate a vie\u021bii ridicate, indiferent de tipul de comunitate. Reducerea s\u0103r\u0103ciei, \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea mijloacelor de trai, a siguran\u021bei comunit\u0103\u021bii sunt doar c\u00e2teva din elementele pe care orice comunitate trebuie s\u0103 le pun\u0103 \u00een centrul aten\u021biei sale.<\/p>\n Ioana Eveline R\u0103du\u021b\u0103 – Universitatea de Arhitectur\u0103 \u0219i Urbanism \u201cION MINCU\u201d, Bucure\u0219ti<\/p>\n Cuvinte cheie: <\/strong>ora\u0219e sustenabile, reciclare, moblitate, ora\u0219e ecologice, emisii de carbon, spa\u021bii verzi deschise, poluarea aerului, economie echitabil\u0103.<\/em><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Zona Pipera – timpul pierdut \u00een trafic \u015fi adaptarea la noile realit\u0103\u0163i urbane – Dragomir Daniel” _builder_version=”4.4.6″ open=”off”]<\/p>\n Rezumat<\/strong><\/p>\n De\u0219i studiile privind timpul pierdut \u00een trafic sunt \u00eentocmite periodic \u00een Europa \u0219i nu numai, \u00een \u021bara noastr\u0103 nu exist\u0103 un studiu autorizat care s\u0103 analizeze aceast\u0103 problem\u0103 cu care se confrunt\u0103 \u00een momentul de fa\u021b\u0103 majoritatea bucure\u0219tenilor. Lipsa unei planific\u0103ri urbane corecte, vizionare pentru municipiul Bucure\u0219ti a dus \u0219i continu\u0103 s\u0103 duc\u0103 la pierderea timpului \u00een blocaje rutiere pe mai toate arterele rutiere. Concret, \u00een acest articol, \u00eencerc s\u0103 analizez blocajele din traficul zonei Pipera, precum \u0219i timpul pierdut \u00een trafic.<\/p>\n Dragomir Daniel – Universitatea de Arhitectur\u0103 \u0219i Urbanism \u201cION MINCU\u201d, Bucure\u0219ti<\/p>\n Cuvinte cheie: <\/strong>accesibilitate urban\u0103, planificare spa\u021bial\u0103, zone reziden\u021biale, blocaje de circulatie, program flexibil, zona industrial\u0103, centru comercial – mall.<\/em><\/p>\n <\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Antropologia cultural\u0103 \u015fi etic\u0103 \u00een era digital\u0103 – Anemona Tania Untaru” _builder_version=”4.4.6″ open=”off”]<\/p>\n Rezumat<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00cen cadrul acestui eseu am \u00eencercat s\u0103 demonstrez c\u0103 \u00een spatele re\u021belelor informa\u021bionale se afl\u0103 oameni cu identit\u0103\u021bi culturale clar influen\u021bate de obiceiuri, tradi\u021bii, cutume.<\/p>\n Noile mijloace digitale au dus la o reevaluare a percep\u021biei oamenilor asupra lumii \u00eenconjur\u0103toare \u0219i o cre\u0219tere a num\u0103rului de metode de comunicare \u00eentre indivizi. Toate aceste tehnici influen\u021beaz\u0103 direct dezvoltarea moral\u0103, psihologic\u0103 \u0219i social\u0103 a indivizilor. Este timpul s\u0103 vorbim de o etic\u0103 a tehnologiei informa\u021biei.<\/p>\n Anemona Tania Untaru – Universitatea de Arhitectur\u0103 \u0219i Urbanism \u201eION MINCU\u201d, Bucure\u0219ti<\/p>\n Cuvinte cheie: <\/strong>antropologie cultural\u0103, antropologie etic\u0103, er\u0103 digital\u0103, societate informa\u021bional\u0103, etica tehnologiei informa\u021biei, re\u021bea informatic\u0103, securitatea informa\u021biei, confiden\u021bialitatea.<\/em><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Ora\u015ful \u015fi popula\u0163ia \u00een raport cu era tehnologiei – Alexandra Carla C\u0103r\u0103mizaru” _builder_version=”4.4.6″ open=”off”]<\/p>\n Rezumat<\/strong><\/p>\n Spiritul identitar ajut\u0103 la men\u0163inerea coeziunii unei comunit\u0103\u0163i chiar \u015fi c\u00e2nd aceasta nu este asociat\u0103 cu un spa\u0163iu fizic. Revenind la societatea informa\u0163ional\u0103 \u015fi la comunit\u0103\u0163ile virtuale, putem spune c\u0103, \u00een prezent ele pot avea o manifestare fizic\u0103 prin indivizii ce le compun chiar dac\u0103 ace\u015ftia nu sunt lega\u0163i de un teritoriu geografic, ci de spa\u0163ii virtuale imateriale.<\/p>\n Alexandra Carla C\u0103r\u0103mizaru – Universitatea de Arhitectur\u0103 \u0219i Urbanism \u201cION MINCU\u201d, Bucure\u0219ti<\/p>\n Cuvinte cheie<\/strong>: spirit identitar, coeziunea comunit\u0103\u021bii, societate informa\u021bional\u0103, comunitate virtual\u0103, spatiu virtual imaterial, via\u021b\u0103 public\u0103, via\u021b\u0103 privat\u0103, tehnologie informa\u021bional\u0103, inova\u021bii tehnologice.<\/em><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Identificarea grupelor sociale din zona central\u0103 \u00een era digital\u0103 – R\u0103zvan-Andrei Savan” _builder_version=”4.4.6″ open=”off”]<\/p>\n Rezumat<\/strong><\/p>\n Aceast\u0103 lucrare trateaz\u0103 \u00een detaliu manifest\u0103rile urbane contemporane ce sunt o consecin\u0163\u0103 a adopt\u0103rii pe scar\u0103 larg\u0103 a tehnologiei comunica\u0163iilor.<\/p>\n Motiva\u0163ia mea privind aceast\u0103 tem\u0103 a pornit de la tranzitarea spa\u0163iului pentru o perioad\u0103 mai lung\u0103 de timp, f\u0103c\u00e2nd parte din traseul meu \u00een drum spre facultate timp de 4 ani (Zona aleas\u0103 pentru acest studiu se afl\u0103 \u00een centrul ora\u015fului Bucure\u015fti, delimitat\u0103 de Calea Victoriei la Est, Parcul Ci\u0219migiu la Vest, Bulevardul Regina Maria la Sud \u015fi Strada \u0218tirbei Vod\u0103 la Nord, fiind un areal reprezentativ pentru municipiu). Am fost fascinat de tipologiile de utilizatori ai spa\u0163iului \u00eent\u00e2lni\u0163i aici. Ace\u0219tia oscileaz\u0103 de la oameni ai str\u0103zii, la studen\u0163i, la persoane v\u00e2rstnice \u015fi la turi\u015fti.<\/p>\n R\u0103zvan-Andrei Savan – Universitatea de Arhitectur\u0103 \u0219i Urbanism \u201cION MINCU\u201d, Bucure\u0219ti \u2013 MPT II<\/p>\n Cuvinte cheie: <\/strong>disciplin\u0103 holistic\u0103, era digital\u0103, tehnologia informa\u021biei, riverani, metamorfoza ora\u0219ului, comunica\u021bii interumane, cosmopolizare, afaceri globale, zone suburbane, comunitate activ\u0103, Sala Palatului, fluxuri, grupuri, spa\u0163iu, utilizatori.<\/em><\/p>\n <\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Shrinking cities \u2013 contrac\u0163ia socio-cultural\u0103 – Alexandra-Georgeta Beldiman” _builder_version=”4.4.6″ open=”off”]<\/p>\n Rezumat<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00cen ultimii 15 ani, \u00een Rom\u00e2nia, a ap\u0103rut o suprapunere de moduri de locuire. Un mod atipic de locuire a luat na\u015ftere treptat \u015fi se distinge de genul sedentar specific rom\u00e2nesc printr-o mobilitate anual\u0103. Aceast\u0103 mobilitate porne\u015fte, \u00een ordinea acelor de ceasornic,\u00a0 din estul \u0163\u0103rii, ajung\u00e2nd \u00een sudul \u015fi \u00eendrept\u00e2ndu-se spre vest. Mi\u015fcarea a permis na\u015fterea unui \u201ealtfel de trai\u201d, unei \u201ealtfel de culturi\u201d \u015fi unei \u201ealtfel de etnii\u201d. Flexibilitatea deplas\u0103rii a condus la o dezvoltare urban\u0103 care nu necesit\u0103 o implementare fix\u0103 a modului de locuire, respectiv a realiz\u0103rii construc\u0163iei \u00een sine. Cu toate astea, mobilitate produs\u0103 prezint\u0103 aspecte pozitive de tipul evolu\u0163iei nego\u0163ului sau \u00eensu\u015firii altor dialecte, dar con\u0163ine \u015fi aspecte negative de tipul educa\u0163ie foarte precar\u0103, nivel sc\u0103zut de trai. Na\u015fterea acestei mobilit\u0103\u0163i pe planul social rom\u00e2nesc este consecin\u0163a apari\u0163iei unei minorit\u0103\u0163i etnice cu instabilitate economic\u0103 \u00een Rom\u00e2nia. Cu toate acestea, dup\u0103 anii \u201989 aceast\u0103 minoritate etnic\u0103 a \u00eencercat s\u0103 se integreze \u00een planul socio-economic rom\u00e2nesc av\u00e2nd o cre\u015ftere considerabil\u0103 a natalit\u0103\u0163ii. Dup\u0103 perioada de tranzi\u0163ie, ast\u0103zi minoritatea etnic\u0103 rrom\u0103 este \u00eenr\u0103d\u0103cinat\u0103 \u00een unele a\u015fez\u0103ri urbane \u015fi a devenit o subramur\u0103 a culturii din Rom\u00e2niei.<\/p>\n Alexandra-Georgeta Beldiman – \u0218coala doctoral\u0103 de Urbanism ION MINCU<\/p>\n Cuvinte cheie: <\/strong>comunitatea rrom\u0103, etnia rrom\u0103, \u015fatr\u0103, clan, Huedin, dezvoltarea urban\u0103 \u0163ig\u0103neasc\u0103, minoritatea rrom\u0103, mobilitatea rrom\u0103, cultura rrom\u0103, principii de locuire, s\u0103r\u0103cia.<\/em><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_accordion_item][et_pb_accordion_item title=”Cum vezi un ora\u015f pe nev\u0103zute – Atena Ioana G\u00e2rjoab\u0103” _builder_version=”4.4.6″ open=”off”]<\/p>\nEDITORIAL<\/h5>\n
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RACE AND GENDER<\/h5>\n
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URBAN SOCIETY<\/h5>\n
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HEALTH<\/h5>\n
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SEXUALITY<\/h5>\n
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DISABILITY<\/h5>\n
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BOOK REVIEW: BOKOR ZSUZSA<\/h5>\n
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EDITORIAL<\/h6>\n
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DOSAR TEMATIC<\/h6>\n
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ANTROPOLOGIA SOCIAL\u0102<\/h6>\n
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ANTROPOGIA URBAN\u0102<\/h6>\n
ANTROPOLOGIA S\u0102N\u0102T\u0102\u021aII<\/h6>\n
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